Water Management & Resources
Water management in refining and chemical processing covers raw-water intake, boiler feedwater and cooling-tower treatment, process-water use, and wastewater treatment before discharge or reuse. Engineers design and operate clarifiers, ion-exchange units, reverse-osmosis trains, and biological treatment systems to meet both process specifications and discharge permits. With water stress rising globally, strong water management is increasingly central to plant economics, regulatory standing, and the industry's social license to operate.
