Sensors
Sensors — thermocouples, RTDs, strain gauges, load cells, Hall-effect current sensors, optical encoders, pressure transducers, humidity sensors, gas sensors — are the eyes of every control loop and BMS in battery production. As a hard skill it requires understanding the measurement physics, signal conditioning (amplification, filtering, linearization), calibration drift, and failure modes that masquerade as process problems. Engineers and technicians apply this when specifying the dewpoint sensor that governs a dry-room cascade, when troubleshooting a coating-weight gauge that's drifting, and when adding a cell-temperature thermistor to a pack design where every gram of mass matters.
