Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy probes the local electronic environment of NMR-active nuclei — 1H, 13C, 7Li, 19F, 31P, and others — via their resonance frequencies in a magnetic field, yielding structural, dynamic, and quantitative information in solution and solid state. As a hard skill it requires selecting the appropriate pulse sequence and nucleus, preparing samples at correct concentration in compatible solvents or rotors, and interpreting chemical shifts, multiplicities, coupling constants, or solid-state lineshapes. Battery researchers apply NMR to elucidate electrolyte decomposition product structures, track lithium-ion coordination and transport in electrolytes, and characterize solid electrolyte interfaces and cathode ordering in operando experiments.
