Gas Chromatography (GC)
Gas chromatography (GC) separates volatile and semi-volatile compounds in a mixture by partitioning them between a moving gas phase and a stationary phase in a heated column, then detects them with FID, TCD, or mass spectrometry. As a hard skill it requires selecting column chemistry, optimizing temperature programs, preparing calibration standards in the right matrix, and identifying peaks from retention time and mass-spectral data. Battery researchers apply GC to quantify gas evolution during formation and abuse testing, identify electrolyte decomposition products in aged cells, and monitor solvent impurities in fresh electrolyte batches.
