C/C++

C and C++ are the workhorse languages of battery management system firmware, real-time pack controllers, and the embedded systems that run formation equipment. As a hard skill it requires fluency in memory management (no GC, often no malloc in BMS contexts), pointer discipline, the C++ subset that fits a microcontroller (no exceptions, no RTTI), and the toolchain literacy (linker scripts, startup code, ISR conventions) to bring up a fresh microcontroller. Embedded engineers apply this every day on BMS firmware monitoring hundreds of cells, on pack-test bench instrumentation, and on real-time motor-drive code that has to meet hard deadlines while the pack is energized.

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