Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS)
Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) determines the concentration of specific metal elements in a solution by measuring how much light a sample absorbs at wavelengths characteristic of each target element. As a hard skill it requires correct instrument setup for flame or graphite-furnace mode, preparation of matrix-matched calibration standards, and detection-limit verification against regulatory or process specifications. R&D scientists apply AAS to quantify lithium, cobalt, manganese, and other critical metals in electrolyte digests, leachate from recycling processes, and dissolution samples from battery materials characterization.